Clinical Trials — Solid-Tumor Oncology

Randomized clinical trials in solid-tumor cancers (breast, lung, colorectal, prostate, renal, gastric, pancreatic, nasopharyngeal), from NEJM · Lancet · Nature Medicine · BMJ (2024–2026)

41findings in 8 areas, across 14 of 14 papers

How the star rating worksShow

Every paper starts at 5★ and loses stars for the concrete problems the review finds — never a vague average, just a running total:

Reporting — 8 dimensionseach dimension that fails (−½★) or is partially met (−¼★)−½ / −¼
Statistics · Integrity · Claimseach serious problem (−1★) · each medium problem−½★
Citationseach retracted or unverifiable reference−½★
Copyeditonly when the manuscript needs a full edit−½★

The rating never drops below 1★, and a demonstrable critical failure (an impossible statistic, a proven ethics violation) caps it at 1★ on its own.

Papers are reviewed on their original full text — any retraction notice is removed before analysis — so the findings reflect the science, not the label.

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14 papers

Interventional · N Engl J Med0/6Action Items · Critical / High

Omitting Regional Nodal Irradiation after Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Mamounas EP, Bandos H, White JR, Julian TB, Khan AJ, Shaitelman SF, Torres MA, Vicini FA, Ganz PA, McCloskey SA, Lucas PC, Gupta N, Li XA, McCormick B, Smith B, Tendulkar RD, Kavadi VS, Matsumoto K, Seaward SA, Irvin WJ, Lin JY, Mutter RW, Muanza TM, Stromberg J, Jagsi R, Weiss AC, Curran WJ, Wolmark N.

2.5 / 5

Conclusions not supported by the paper’s own evidenceData and code not sharedKey resources not identified+3 more

Verified the contradiction in numbers: "As of data cutoff, follow-up information was available for 1,602 patients (No regional nodal irradiation: 802, regional nodal irradiation: 800). Median follow-up was 59.5 months (IQR 40.7–74.1). " vs. "A total of 94 patients died of 1,802 evaluated for the overall survival endpoint (Figure S2)." Verified sex information was not described in Table 1.

Conclusions

8 supported · 3 partial · 1 unsupported of 12

8 Rigor Dimensions

4 of 8 pass · 2 warn · 2 fail

Integrity scan

1 finding1 medium

Verified

1/1 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · moderate confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · Nat Med0/10Action Items · Critical / High

Quemliclustat and chemotherapy with or without zimberelimab in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial.

Wainberg ZA, Manji GA, Bahary N, Ulahannan SV, Pant S, Spigel DR, Uboha NV, Oberstein PE, Saeed A, Beagle B, Kim JY, Wang N, Weeder B, Shitole S, Mrouj K, Scott JR, Ensign LG, DiRenzo DM, Walters MJ, Wu W, Kaplan A, Cho S, Kabbarah O, O'Reilly EM

2.5 / 5

Statistical reporting gaps (tests, assumptions, effect sizes)Data/code availability incompleteReporting/transparency gaps+4 more

Conclusions

9 supported · 3 partial of 12

6/6 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · moderate confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · Nat Med0/10Action Items · Critical / High

Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: 5-year survival and biomarker analyses of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 trial

Rini BI, Plimack ER, Stus V, Gafanov R, Waddell T, Nosov D, Pouliot F, Alekseev B, Soulières D, Melichar B, Vynnychenko I, de Azevedo SJ, Borchiellini D, McDermott RS, Bedke J, Tamada S, Wu S, Markensohn J, Zhang Y, Loboda A, Vajdi A, Perini RF, Burgents J, Powles T.

2.5 / 5

Data/code availability incompleteEthics/consent reporting incompleteInternal contradictions in the reported numbers+2 more

1. Verified MAJOR consistency issue Extended Data Table 3 footnote “In the axitinib arm, non-zero associations (two-tailed test) were hypothesized for all biomarkers.” → In the sunitinib arm, non-zero associations (two-tailed test) were hypothesized for all biomarkers. 2. Verified "The trial was conducted in accordance with the principles of Good Clinical Practice and was approved by the appropriate institutional review boards and regulatory agencies." but no naming of a specific IRB. 3. Verified some not-found citations are conference abstracts.

Conclusions

11 supported · 1 partial of 12

3/3 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · Nat Med0/6Action Items · Critical / High

Fecal microbiota transplantation plus pembrolizumab and axitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the randomized phase 2 TACITO trial.

Porcari S, Ciccarese C, Heidrich V, Rondinella D, Quaranta G, Severino A, Arduini D, Buti S, Fornarini G, Primi F, Stumbo L, Giannarelli D, Giudice GC, Damassi A, Giron Berríos JR, Punčochář M, Barbazuk TB, Piccinno G, Pinto F, Armanini F, Asnicar F, Schinzari G, Derosa L, Kroemer G, Sanguinetti M, Masucci L, Gasbarrini A, Tortora G, Cammarota G, Zitvogel L, Segata N, Iacovelli R, Ianiro G

2.75 / 5

Significance claim flips when recomputedSummary statistic impossible for the stated N (GRIM/GRIMMER)Key resources under-identified (antibodies, cell lines, RRIDs)

1. Confirmed that 67% does not match the reported count 33/50 2. Confirmed that hazard ratio = 0.36 (95% CI: 0.13–0.99), P = 0.167 --> P should be 0.049 so it's actually significant w/o multiple testing correction

5/5 links live3 decision errorsregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · Nat Med0/3Action Items · Critical / High

Niraparib and abiraterone acetate plus prednisone for HRR-deficient metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial

Attard G, Agarwal N, Graff JN, Sandhu S, Efstathiou E, Özgüroğlu M, Pereira de Santana Gomes AJ, Vianna K, Luo H, Gotto GT, Cheng HH, Kim W, Varela CR, Schaeffer D, Kramer K, Li S, Baron B, Shen F, Mundle SD, McCarthy SA, Olmos D, Chi KN, Rathkopf DE.

3.25 / 5

Reported statistics do not recomputeData/code availability incomplete

2/2 links live3 stat inconsistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · BMJ0/5Action Items · Critical / High

Sacituzumab tirumotecan versus docetaxel for previously treated <i>EGFR</i>-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: multicentre, open label, randomised controlled trial

Fang W, Li X, Wang Q, Meng X, Zheng W, Sun L, Yao W, Zhuang W, Fan Y, Zhuo M, Luo Y, Zhang Z, Song X, Yang R, Yang J, Jin X, Diao Y, Ge J, Zhang L.

3.25 / 5

Reported statistics do not recomputeConclusions overstated beyond the evidenceReferences not resolvable to a published paper

1. The agent's stat test was two-sided where as the paper presented one-sided HR. The vast majority of oncology RCTs report two-sided p-values by default for overall survival and PFS comparisons, even when the clinical hypothesis is directional (i.e., "does the new drug improve survival, not just change it"). This is the regulatory and academic standard. The CI itself is two-sided. 2. The last reference not resolved is a post from a company website.

Conclusions

11 supported · 1 overstated of 12

8 Rigor Dimensions

8 of 8 pass

Verified

5/5 links live2 stat inconsistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · BMJ0/5Action Items · Critical / High

Medial retropharyngeal nodal region sparing radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: five year analysis of open label, non-inferiority, multicentre, randomised phase 3 trial.

Wang SX, Tao YL, Gao TS, Zhang N, Zhou GQ, Xie FY, Zhang Y, Guo R, Yang Y, Li YJ, Liang SQ, Zeng YC, Lin L, Li WF, Liu X, Xu C, Chen YP, Lv JW, Liu LZ, Li HJ, Li JB, Wen HM, Sun Y, Tang LL, Liang XY, Ma J, Mao YP

3.75 / 5

Key resources under-identified (antibodies, cell lines, RRIDs)Internal contradictions in the reported numbers

Verified the typo the impossible percentage: Table 1 for the standard group Stage IVa: change '124 (448)'

Conclusions

11 supported · 1 partial of 12

2/2 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · moderate confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · Lancet0/6Action Items · Critical / High

Duration of androgen deprivation therapy with postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of long-course versus short-course androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised trial.

Parker CC, Kynaston H, Cook AD, Clarke NW, Catton CN, Cross WR, Petersen PM, Persad RA, Pugh CA, Saad F, Logue J, Payne H, Bower LC, Brawley C, Rauchenberger M, Barkati M, Bottomley DM, Brasso K, Chung HT, Chung PWM, Conroy R, Falconer A, Ford V, Goh CL, Heath CM, James ND, Kim-Sing C, Kodavatiganti R, Malone SC, Morris SL, Nabid A, Ong AD, Raman R, Rodda S, Wells P, Worlding J, Parulekar WR, Parmar MKB, Sydes MR, RADICALS investigators

4 / 5

Data/code link contradicts the paperData/code availability incompleteInternal contradictions in the reported numbers

1. Confirm that In Table 1, the Denmark row for short-course ADT shows '35 (95%)', which is likely a typo since 35/761 ≈ 4.6%.

Conclusions

8 supported · 1 partial of 9

4/4 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · BMJ0/3Action Items · Critical / High

Pyrotinib or placebo in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel for HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer: long term survival results from randomised phase 3 PHILA trial.

Ma F, Yan M, Li W, Ouyang Q, Tong Z, Teng Y, Wang Y, Wang S, Geng C, Luo T, Zhong J, Zhang Q, Liu Q, Zeng X, Sun T, Mo Q, Zhou S, Li P, Cheng J, Wang X, Nie J, Yang J, Wu X, Wang X, Li H, Yao G, Fan Y, Lin J, Zhu X, Xu B

4 / 5

Internal contradictions in the reported numbersOther integrity concern

Conclusions

11 supported · 1 partial of 12

2/2 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · N Engl J Med0/4Action Items · Critical / High

Ten-Year Survival after Postmastectomy Chest-Wall Irradiation in Breast Cancer.

Kunkler IH, Russell NS, Anderson N, Sainsbury R, Dixon JM, Cameron D, Loncaster J, Hatton M, Westenberg H, Clarke J, McCarty H, Evans R, Geropantas K, Wolstenholme V, Alhasso A, Woodings P, Barraclough L, Bayman N, Welch R, Muturi F, McEleney T, Burns J, Riddle K, Macdonald E, Dunlop J, Sergenson N, van Tienhoven G, Taylor KJ, Bartlett JMS, Piper T, Velikova G, Aird E, Chua B, Hurkmans C, Venables K, Williams LJ, Thomas JS, Hanby AM, Maclennan M, Cleator S, Verghese ET, Li Y, Wang S, Canney P, SUPREMO Trial Investigators, Sunil

4.25 / 5

Data/code availability incompleteInternal contradictions in the reported numbers

Conclusions

10 supported · 2 partial of 12

1/2 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · moderate confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · N Engl J Med0/6Action Items · Critical / High

Atezolizumab plus FOLFOX for Stage III Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colon Cancer.

Sinicrope FA, Ou FS, Arnold D, Peters WR, Behrens RJ, Lieu CH, Matin K, Cohen DJ, Potter SL, Nixon AB, Kottschade LA, Kathol E, Frankel WL, Shergill A, Hsu D, Reinacher-Schick A, Mehan P, Gold PJ, Khalil MF, Zemla T, Gatten C, O'Reilly EM, Meyerhardt JA

4.25 / 5

Biological variables underreported (sex, age, strain)Data/code availability incompleteKey resources under-identified (antibodies, cell lines, RRIDs)

1. Confirmed that while sex and age are reported, weight and race/ethnicity are missing in the entire main text/Table 1. 2. Confirmed that no data nor code is appropriately shared.

Conclusions

7 supported · 3 partial of 10

8 Rigor Dimensions

5 of 8 pass · 3 warn

Verified

1/3 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · BMJ0/5Action Items · Critical / High

Standard chemoradiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant camrelizumab in patients with high risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma: multicentre, randomised, open label, phase 3 trial.

You R, Xu GQ, Ding X, Liang JH, Liu ZG, Zou X, Liu YP, Hu GY, Liu YM, Duan CY, Liu LZ, Zhang WJ, Liu Q, Li HF, Ouyang YF, Duan XT, Wang Q, Peng L, Liang JL, Feng ZK, Qin ZH, Liu X, He ZK, Zhang B, Long GX, Jiang YH, Lei F, Huang PY, Hua YJ, Chen MY

4.5 / 5

Conclusions not supported by the paper’s own evidence

Verified that "the 12% increase in progression-free survival at 36 months" isn't statistically significant and thus may need to be downplayed as a term.

Conclusions

8 supported · 3 partial · 1 unsupported of 12

8 Rigor Dimensions

8 of 8 pass

Verified

3/3 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · N Engl J Med0/5Action Items · Critical / High

Encorafenib, Cetuximab, and mFOLFOX6 in BRAF-Mutated Colorectal Cancer.

Elez E, Yoshino T, Shen L, Lonardi S, Van Cutsem E, Eng C, Kim TW, Wasan HS, Desai J, Ciardiello F, Yaeger R, Maughan TS, Morris VK, Wu C, Usari T, Laliberte R, Dychter SS, Zhang X, Tabernero J, Kopetz S, BREAKWATER Trial Investigators

4.75 / 5

Data/code availability incomplete

Conclusions

9 supported · 3 partial of 12

8 Rigor Dimensions

7 of 8 pass · 1 warn

Verified

6/8 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

Interventional · Lancet0/3Action Items · Critical / High

Adding 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy to postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of short-course versus no androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised controlled trial.

Parker CC, Clarke NW, Cook AD, Kynaston H, Catton CN, Cross WR, Petersen PM, Persad RA, Saad F, Bower LC, Logue J, Payne H, Forcat S, Goldstein C, Murphy C, Anderson J, Barkati M, Bottomley DM, Branagan J, Choudhury A, Chung PWM, Cogley L, Goh CL, Hoskin P, Khoo V, Malone SC, Masters L, Morris SL, Nabid A, Ong AD, Raman R, Tarver KL, Tree AC, Worlding J, Wylie JP, Zarkar AM, Parulekar WR, Parmar MKB, Sydes MR, RADICALS investigators

4.75 / 5

Data/code availability incomplete

1/1 links livestats consistentregistered

3 Adcurare Rigor Reviewers · high confidenceAI Rigor Reviewers trained on Adcurare corpus · verify findings

Read paperPMC Journal

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How to read this. The engine surfaces specific, verifiable rigor problems. It does notpredict retractions, and a “pass” is not a guarantee of soundness. Papers are analyzed on their published full text with any retraction notice removed, so detection is content-based. Real-world outcome labels (retracted, landmark) are curator-assigned from the public record; the verdict and every surfaced problem are the engine’s own. These are selected examples.

Clinical Trials — Solid-Tumor Oncology

Omitting Regional Nodal Irradiation after Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Quemliclustat and chemotherapy with or without zimberelimab in metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a randomized phase 1 trial.

Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: 5-year survival and biomarker analyses of the phase 3 KEYNOTE-426 trial

Fecal microbiota transplantation plus pembrolizumab and axitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma: the randomized phase 2 TACITO trial.

Niraparib and abiraterone acetate plus prednisone for HRR-deficient metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial

Sacituzumab tirumotecan versus docetaxel for previously treated &lt;i&gt;EGFR&lt;/i&gt;-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: multicentre, open label, randomised controlled trial

Medial retropharyngeal nodal region sparing radiotherapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: five year analysis of open label, non-inferiority, multicentre, randomised phase 3 trial.

Duration of androgen deprivation therapy with postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of long-course versus short-course androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised trial.

Pyrotinib or placebo in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel for HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer: long term survival results from randomised phase 3 PHILA trial.

Ten-Year Survival after Postmastectomy Chest-Wall Irradiation in Breast Cancer.

Atezolizumab plus FOLFOX for Stage III Mismatch Repair-Deficient Colon Cancer.

Standard chemoradiotherapy with concurrent and adjuvant camrelizumab in patients with high risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma: multicentre, randomised, open label, phase 3 trial.

Encorafenib, Cetuximab, and mFOLFOX6 in BRAF-Mutated Colorectal Cancer.

Adding 6 months of androgen deprivation therapy to postoperative radiotherapy for prostate cancer: a comparison of short-course versus no androgen deprivation therapy in the RADICALS-HD randomised controlled trial.

Sacituzumab tirumotecan versus docetaxel for previously treated <i>EGFR</i>-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: multicentre, open label, randomised controlled trial